近日，一种被称为「奥密克戎的妹妹」的新冠病毒变异株已被英国卫生安全局（UKHSA）列为“正在调查的变异病毒”（VUI），目前已在英国发现400多例感染该变体的病例。这是一种名为BA.2的最新版本的奥密克戎毒株的亚变体。
Omicron sub-variant BA.2 under investigation by UK health officials
The Independent
A sub-lineageof the Omicronstrainof coronavirus has been formallydesignateda “variantunder investigation” by the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA).
新冠奥密克戎（Omicron）毒株的一个亚变体已被英国卫生安全局（UKHSA）正式列为「正在调查的变体」。
lineage
lineage /ˈlɪn.i.ɪdʒ/ 表示“血统；世系”，英文解释为“the members of a person s family who are directly related to that person and who lived a long time before him or her”举个🌰：
She s very proud of her ancient royal lineage.
她为自己拥有古老的皇室血统倍感自豪。
strain
1）表示“压力；重负；重压之下出现的问题（或担忧等）”，英文解释为“pressure on sb/sth because they have too much to do or manage, or sth verydifficult to deal with; the problems, worry oranxiety that this produces”举个🌰：
You will learn to cope with thestresses and strainsof public life.
你要学会怎样应付公众人物生活的紧张和辛劳。
2）表示“（动植物的）品系，株系，品种”，英文解释为“an animal or plant from a particular group whose characteristics are different in some way from others of the same group”举个🌰：
Scientists have discovereda new strain of the viruswhich is much more dangerous.
科学家们已经发现了一种危险得多的新病毒。
📍此前9000名乘客因鼻拭子重复使用受害文中出现的例句：The health ministry confirmed this week that it had recorded two cases ofthe more infectious strainthat was first detected in India. 卫生部本周证实，已发现了两例在印度首次发现的更具传染性的病毒株。
designate
designate /ˈdezɪɡneɪt/ 1）表示“命名；指定，划定（特征、用途）”，英文解释为“When you designate someone or something as a particular thing, you formally give them that description or name.”举个🌰：
There are efforts under way todesignate the bridge (as) a historic landmark.
人们在努力把这座桥定为历史地标。
2）表示“指定，选定；委派”，英文解释为“When you designate someone as something, you formally choose them to do that particular job.”举个🌰：
Designate someone asthe spokesperson.
指派某人为发言人。
📍designated作形容词，表示“指定的；特指的，划定的”。
📍类似的有个词dedicated，表示“专用的，专门的”（designed to be used for one particular purpose）举个🌰：
Such areas should also be served bydedicated cycle routes.
这些地区也应该可由自行车专用路线到达。
variant
表示“变体；变种”，英文解释为“Avariantof a particular thing is something that has a different form from that thing, although it is related to it.”举个🌰：
The quagga wasa strikingly beautiful variantof the zebra.
白氏斑马是一种极其美丽的斑马变种。
Some 426 cases ofBA.2have been detected in the UK so far, theUKHSAsaid on Friday, with the earliest dating back to 6 December 2021.
英国卫生安全局周五表示，到目前为止，在英国已经发现了大约426例感染BA.2变体的病例，最早的病例可以追溯到2021年12月6日。
UKHSAsaid further analysis will be carried out intoBA.2to determine its characteristics and better understand how it might shape Britain’s experience of the pandemic in the weeks to come.
英国卫生安全局表示，将对BA.2进行进一步的分析，以确定其特点，并更好地了解它将如何影响英国在未来几周内应对新冠疫情的经历。
“It is the nature of viruses toevolveandmutate, so it’s to be expected that we will continue to see new variants emerge,” saidDr Meera Chand, incident director at the agency.
该机构的事件主管米拉·钱德博士（Dr. Meera Chand）说：“病毒的本质是进化和变异，因此可以预见，我们将继续看到新的变异体出现。”
evolve
表示“（使）逐渐形成，逐步发展，逐渐演变，进化”，英文解释为“to develop gradually, especially from a simple to a more complicated form; to develop sth in this way”举个🌰：
The company hasevolvedinto a major chemical manufacturer.
这家公司已逐步发展成一个主要的化工厂。
mutate
表示“（遗传物质等）变异，突变”，英文解释为“to develop new physical characteristics because of a permanent change in the genes. These changes can happen naturally or can be produced by the use of chemicals or radiation.”举个🌰：
These bacteria havemutatedinto forms that are resistant to certain drugs.
这些细菌已发生变异，对某些药物产生了抗药性。
“Our continuedgenomic surveillanceallows us to detect them and assess whether they are significant.”
“我们持续的基因组监测使我们能够发现它们，并评估它们是否有影响。”
genomic
genomic /dʒɪˈnoʊ.mɪk/表示“基因组的”，英文解释为“relating to the complete set of genetic material of a human, animal, plant, or other living thing”举个🌰：
HumangenomicDNA was analyzed.
对人类基因组DNA进行了分析。
surveillance
surveillance /sɜːˈveɪləns/ 表示“监视，盯梢”，英文解释为“Surveillance is the careful watching of someone, especially by an organization such as the police or the army.”
The largest number of confirmed cases are in London (146) and the south east of England (97), the UKHSA said, adding that the original Omicron lineage remainsdominantin the UK: “Theproportionof BA.2 cases is currently low.”
英国卫生安全局表示，确诊病例最多的是伦敦（146例）和英格兰东南部（97例），而在英国感染的仍然是奥密克戎毒株为主。“目前BA.2感染病例的比例很低。”
dominant
1）表示“首要的；占支配地位的；占优势的；显著的”，英文解释为“more important, powerful or noticeable than other things”举个🌰：
The firm has achieveda dominant positionin the world market.
这家公司在国际市场上占有举足轻重的地位。
2）表示“（基因）显性的，优势的”，英文解释为“adominantgenecauses a person to have a particular physical characteristic, for example brown eyes, even if only one of their parents has passed on this gene”。
🎬电影《王牌特工：特工学院》（Kingsman: The Secret Service）中的台词提到：but a Kingsman wears it on which ever hand happens to be dominant.但王牌特工都戴在惯用手上。
proportion
1）表示“比率，比例”，英文解释为“the number, amount, or level of one thing when compared to another”举个🌰：
The proportion of women to men at my college was about one to eight.
我所在大学的男女比例大约为8：1。
2）表示“部分；份额”，英文解释为“the number or amount of a group or part of something when compared to the whole”举个🌰：
Children make up a large proportion of the world s population.
孩子占世界人口的很大一部分。
Early indications suggestBA.2has an increased growth rate compared to its viralpredecessor, though further analysis is needed,UKHSAsaid.
英国卫生安全局表示，早期迹象表明，与奥密克戎毒株相比，BA.2的增长速度增加了，尽管还需要进一步分析。
predecessor
predecessor表示“前任，前辈；原有事物，前身”，英文解释为“someone who had a job or a position before someone else, or something that comes before another thing in time or in a series”。
📍successor表示“继任者，接替者；继承人；接替的事物”，英文解释为“someone or something that comes after another person or thing”举个🌰：
This range of computers is very fast, but their successors will be even faster.
这个系列的电脑速度很快，但它的换代产品速度会更快。
WhereasOmicronrapidly displacedDeltafollowing its emergence in the UK,BA.2has yet tofollow suitin dominatingOmicron, which accounts for the vast majority of cases.
虽然奥密克戎毒株在英国出现后迅速取代了德尔塔（Delta）毒株，但BA.2还没有像奥密克戎毒株那样。绝大多数感染病例都是奥密克戎毒株。
follow suit
表示“跟着做；仿效”，英文解释为“If people follow suit, they do the same thing that someone else has just done.”举个🌰：
Efforts to persuade the remainder tofollow suithave continued.
说服其余的人也跟着做的努力在继续。
The Omicron sub-lineage has been spreading quickly in places likeIndiaand thePhilippinesand early signs show it is growing inGermanyandDenmark, the latter having submitted the mostsequencesto date (6,411).
奥密克戎毒株的亚变体在印度和菲律宾等地迅速蔓延，早期迹象表明它在德国和丹麦也在增长，后者迄今提交的病毒序列最多（6411条）。
sequence
表示“一连串；一系列；顺序，次序”，英文解释为“a series of related things or events, or the order in which they follow each other”举个🌰：
The tasks had to be performed in a particularsequence.
这些任务必须按一定次序去执行。
BA.2has grown particularly fast inDenmark. It accounted for 20 per cent of all Covid cases in the last week of 2021.
BA.2在丹麦发展得特别快。在2021年的最后一周，它占所有新冠确诊病例的20%。
Anders Fomsgaard, a researcher at Denmark’s StatensSerumInstitut (SSI), said he did not yet have a good explanation for the rapid growth of the sub-lineage, admitting he was puzzled but not worried.
丹麦国家血清研究所（SSI）的研究员安德斯·福姆斯加德（Anders Fomsgaard）说，他对该亚变体的快速增长还没有一个很好的解释，他承认对此表示困惑，但并不担心。
serum
UK serum /ˈsɪə.rə/ US serum /ˈsɪr.ə/ 表示“血清”，英文解释为“the thin yellowish liquid part of the blood ”如：cholesterol levels in blood serum 血清中的胆固醇水平。
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